Dictionary of Symbols

The *Dictionary of Symbols* by Carl G. Liungman is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in the visual language that has shaped human understanding. Spanning from prehistoric cave art to contemporary branding, this comprehensive dictionary unlocks the meanings behind approximately 2,500 Western graphic symbols. Each meticulously researched entry delves into a symbol's origins, its multifaceted interpretations, and the diverse contexts in which it appears. Liungman's ingenious classification system, based on three structural features, makes navigating this vast collection remarkably intuitive, while extensive cross-referencing connects related meanings and visual similarities, fostering a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of symbols. Beyond its primary function as a reference guide, the *Dictionary of Symbols* offers enriching explorations into the broader world of ideograms. Thought-provoking discussions illuminate the fundamental relationship between signs and meanings, trace the historical evolution of symbolic representation, and highlight specific traditions such as ancient American ideograms, astrological systems, the enigmatic pentagram, and the arcane signs of alchemy. With its Word and Graphic Indexes, the dictionary caters to both those seeking specific meanings and those who wish to discover symbols based on their visual characteristics. This makes it an unparalleled tool for researchers, designers, artists, and anyone seeking to understand the rich tapestry of Western cultural history woven through its enduring symbols, solidifying its place as a cornerstone of Liungman's influential body of work.